KCAPI-ENC(1)

NAME
kcapi-enc - Kernel Crypto API Symmetric Cipher Crypto Helper

SYNOPSIS
kcapi-enc [OPTION]

DESCRIPTION
The kcapi-enc application provides tool to use the symmetric ciphers of the Linux kernel crypto API from the command line.

The input data can be provided either via STDIN or via a file that is referenced with a command line option. Similarly, the output data can either be sent to a file referenced with a command line option or to STDOUT.

The majority of symmetric ciphers are block ciphers requiring the input data to be multiples of the block size. kcapi-enc automatically adds padding when using block ciphers and input data whose size is not a multiple of the cipher's block size during encryption. An automated unpadding during decryption is only applied when the input and output data is provided as files. If either the input data is provided via STDIN or the output data is obtained via STDOUT, the unpadding is not applied.

The used padding schema is consistent with OpenSSL's enc application. Data encrypted with OpenSSL's enc tool can be decrypted with kcapi-enc and vice versa.

The symmetric key used for the cryptographic operation can either be provided via a file descriptor or via a password. When using a file descriptor, the provided data is taken directly as the symmetric key. As the Linux kernel crypto API does not allow specifying the used key size with the cipher algorithm name (e.g. AES-128 or AES-256 cannot be specified, but only AES), the size of the provided key defines which cipher operation is used. When providing a password, the kcapi-enc application derives a 256 bit key from the password using PBKDF2. PBKDF2 with HMAC-SHA256 as default transforms the password into a key. The PBKDF2 operation requires two additional input values: a salt and an iteration count. Both can be provided via the command line. If the iteration count is not specified, kcapi-enc determines the iteration count internally by counting how many iterations are necessary to surpass 100ms operation time. The determined number is provided via STDERR and must be re-used when decrypting the data. If the salt is not provided via command line, kcapi-enc generates a 256 bit salt and sends its hexadecimal representation to STDERR. This salt must be used during decryption to ensure the PBKDF2 operation generates the correct symmetric key.

The following options are supported when invoking kcapi-enc:

-c, --cipher NAME
    The NAME argument specifies the symmetric cipher to be used. The allowed ciphers are defined by the Linux kernel. Currently registered ciphers can be reviewed at /proc/crypto. The content of this file, however, can change when new ciphers are registered. The NAME argument is given directly to the Linux kernel crypto API. The chosen cipher must be either of type skcipher or of type aead as marked in /proc/crypto.

-e, --encrypt
    Perform an encryption operation on the input data. This is the default behavior which implies that this option can be skipped. The input data is automatically padded if the the data size is not a multiple of the block size of the chosen cipher.

-d, --decrypt
    Perform a decryption operation on the input data. Automated unpadding is performed only when the input and output data is provided via files referenced with the command line options.

-i, --infile FILE
    Use the file referenced with FILE as the input data. If this option is not provided, kcapi-enc expects the input data via STDIN.

-o, --outfile FILE
    Use the file referenced with FILE as the destination for the output of the cryptographic operation. If this option is not provided, kcapi-enc will provide the output via STDOUT.

--iv IV
    Use the IV data as initialization vector for the cryptographic operation. That IV value is expected to be a hexadecimal notation and must match the block size of the chosen cipher. When the CTR block chaining mode is used, the IV value is the start value of the counter. When using the CCM cipher, the IV must specify the initialization vector. If the CCM nonce should be specified instead, the option --ccm-nonce must be used instead.

--aad AAD
    For AEAD ciphers like CCM, GCM or the authenc ciphers of the Linux kernel crypto API, the additional authentication data can be provided with the AAD parameter. The data is expected in hexadecimal format.

--tag TAG
    The AEAD tag value required for the decryption operation is provided with the TAG parameter. This parameter is expected in hexadecimal format.

--taglen LENGTH
    During encryption operation of AEAD ciphers, the tag is generated. It is permissible to generate differently sized tags where the parameter LENGTH specifies the size of the tag value to be generated in bytes.

--ccm-nonce NONCE
    Use the NONCE data as CCM nonce as defined in SP800-38C Appendix A.2. That NONCE value is expected to be a hexadecimal notation and must match the constraints of SP800-38C Appendix A.2.

--salt SALT
    When performing the PBKDF2 operation to obtain the symmetric key from the password, the SALT value is used as one input parameter. To ensure the same symmetric key is generated from a given password, the same salt value must be used. This implies that during decryption, the same salt used during the encryption operation must be referenced. kcapi-enc is unable to determine whether the symmetric key derived from the password is the correct one to decrypt the data, because any symmetric key will always successfully decrypt data. Yet, the resulting data may be different from what is expected.

-p, --passwd PASSWORD
    The PASSWORD parameter provides the password from which the symmetric key is derived used to encrypt or decrypt the data. WARNING The password provided with the command line can be seen from other applications or users when inspecting the /proc file system! Thus, a password SHOULD NOT be used via the command line and the passwdfd option should be used instead.

--passwdfd FD
    Instead of providing the password via command line, it can be injected into kcapi-enc using a file descriptor. The file descriptor number the password will be send through can be provided with the FD option.

--pbkdfiter NUM
    Perform NUM iterations of the PBKDF2 operation to derive the symmetric key. If this option is not supplied, kcapi-enc determines a number of iterations that is large enough to surpass 100ms operational time for the PBKDF2 function. The determined iteration number is logged and must be reused if the same symmetric key is to be generated from the same password.

--pbkdfmac MAC
    Use the keyed message digest referenced with MAC for the PBKDF2 operation. If this option is not supplied, the default of hmac(sha256) is used.

--key-len LENGTH
    LENGTH specifies length of the key passed to the cipher algorithm. kcapi-enc uses 32-byte key by default.

--keyfd FD
    To provide a symmetric key that is directly used for the cryptographic operation, the file descriptor referenced with FD must be used. Using a file descriptor is intentionally the only way to provide a symmetric key to kcapi-enc.

--nounpad
    During decryption and when the input data is provided via a file as well as the output is written to a file, kcapi-enc automatically tries to detect a padding and removes the padding data. If this automated unpadding is not desired, the nounpad option will prevent the unpadding.

-v, --verbose
    Enable a verbose operation of kcapi-enc. Using this option multiple times increases the verbosity.

-q, --quiet
    Prevent the generation of any log output. Note, some log output would be needed for proper operation like the display of the number of PBKDF2 iterations or the internally generated PBKDF2 salt. During quiet operation, none of this information is displayed. Note, both information can also be supplied via the command line so that kcapi-enc does not need to generate this information.

-h, --help
    Display the help text.

--version
    Display the version number of the kcapi-enc application.

SEE ALSO
kcapi-dgst(1) kcapi-hasher(1) kcapi-rng(1)